Living with psoriasis: Effective treatment options and lifestyle changes

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition characterised by the rapid buildup of skin cells, leading to scaling on the skin’s surface. This inflammation and scaling can range from mild to severe, and managing psoriasis often requires a multifaceted approach involving medical treatments and lifestyle changes. This article explores effective treatment options and lifestyle adjustments that can help individuals living with psoriasis lead a more comfortable and fulfilling life.

Understanding psoriasis

Psoriasis affects between 2.3% and 6.6% of the Australian population. It is characterised by red, inflamed patches covered with silvery scales, often found on the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back. The exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, but it is believed to involve an interplay of genetic, immune, and environmental factors.

Medical treatment options

Topical treatments

Topical treatments are often the first line of defense in managing mild to moderate psoriasis. These treatments are applied directly to the skin and can help reduce inflammation and slow down the growth of skin cells.

• Corticosteroids: These anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly prescribed for psoriasis. They help reduce redness and swelling. Topical corticosteroids are available in various strengths and are typically used for short-term treatment to avoid side effects such as skin thinning.
• Vitamin D analogues: These synthetic forms of vitamin D can slow skin cell growth.
• Retinoids: These are topical treatments that help normalise skin cell growth and reduce inflammation.

Phototherapy

Phototherapy, or light therapy, involves exposing the skin to ultraviolet (UV) light under medical supervision. This treatment can be particularly effective for moderate to severe psoriasis.

• UVB phototherapy: Broad-band and narrow-band UVB are common types of light therapy. UVB phototherapy slows down the growth of affected skin cells.
• PUVA therapy: This combines a drug with UVA light. The drug makes the skin more sensitive to UVA exposure, which can help clear up psoriasis plaques.

Systemic treatments

Systemic treatments are prescribed for moderate to severe psoriasis or when topical treatments and phototherapy are ineffective. These medications work throughout the body and can be taken orally or by injection.

• Immunosuppressants: These drugs reduce the production of skin cells and suppress inflammation. They are often recommended for severe cases of psoriasis.
• Biologics: These drugs target specific parts of the immune system and are approved for psoriasis.
• Oral retinoids: These oral treatments help normalise skin cell growth and reduce scaling.

Note: Oral retinoids should not be taken if you are pregnant or intend to become pregnant in the next 36 months. Consult your healthcare provider for a complete list of precautions.

Lifestyle changes

In addition to medical treatments, lifestyle changes can play a crucial role in managing psoriasis. Here are some strategies that can help:

Healthy diet

A balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods can improve overall health and potentially reduce psoriasis flare-ups.

• Omega-3 fatty acids: Found in fatty fish like salmon and mackerel, omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties and may help reduce psoriasis symptoms.
• Fruits and vegetables: A diet high in fruits and vegetables provides essential vitamins and antioxidants that support skin health and reduce inflammation.
• Gluten-free diet: Some studies suggest that a gluten-free diet may benefit individuals with psoriasis, especially those with gluten sensitivity.

Stress management

Stress can trigger or worsen psoriasis flare-ups. Incorporating stress-reducing practices into daily life can help manage the condition.

• Mindfulness and meditation: Practices such as yoga, meditation, and deep-breathing exercises can reduce stress and promote relaxation.
• Regular exercise: Physical activity is a natural stress reliever. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week.

Skincare routine

A gentle and consistent skincare routine can help manage psoriasis symptoms.

• Moisturise regularly: Keeping the skin hydrated is essential. Use thick, fragrance-free moisturisers to prevent dryness and scaling.
• Avoid triggers: Identify and avoid personal triggers, such as certain soaps, detergents, or weather conditions that worsen your psoriasis.

Quit smoking and limit alcohol

• Smoking and heavy alcohol consumption can exacerbate psoriasis. Quitting smoking and moderating alcohol intake can improve symptoms and overall health.

Living with psoriasis requires a comprehensive approach that includes medical treatments and lifestyle modifications. By working closely with healthcare providers and making proactive lifestyle changes, individuals with psoriasis can effectively manage their condition and improve their quality of life.

For the most accurate and personalised treatment recommendations, consult a dermatologist or healthcare provider.

Disclaimer
The information provided in this article is for general informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Do not disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you have read on this website. The treatments and strategies mentioned in this article should be discussed with your healthcare provider to ensure they are appropriate for your individual situation.